Associate Professor of Political Science, Public Policy and Public Administration, and International Affairs, George Washington University
Steven Balla is Associate Professor of Political Science, Public Policy and Public Administration, and International Affairs, and a Senior Scholar at the George Washington Regulatory Studies Center. He researches government consultation and public participation in policymaking in the United States and China. He has on two occasions served as a consultant to the Administrative Conference of the United States, drawing on his research on public commenting in the U.S. rulemaking process to make recommendations for how to improve regulatory policymaking. He has twice served as a Fulbright Scholar in China, at Peking University in Beijing and Nankai University in Tianjin. He is currently working on projects on congressional oversight of regulatory policymaking, polarization in public commenting on proposed rules, and the responsiveness of Chinese government officials to public feedback on draft laws and regulations.
Policy Director, Fulcrum Foundation
Reeve T. Bull is the Policy Director of the Fulcrum Foundation. In this role, he promotes executive and legislative reforms designed to update and streamline the regulatory system. These reforms draw upon the work Mr. Bull undertook in his previous role as the Director of the Virginia Office of Regulatory Management (ORM). During his time at ORM, he led the Commonwealth's efforts related to regulatory streamlining and permitting transparency and the development and implementation of artificial intelligence policy.
Previously, Mr. Bull served as the Research Director of the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS). At ACUS, he worked on projects related to international regulatory cooperation, the use of science by administrative agencies, presidential review of agency rulemaking, cost-benefit analysis, government contractor ethics, and e-rulemaking, among other things. Mr. Bull has also served as an Adjunct Professor at the Antonin Scalia Law School and the George Washington University, teaching courses on Administrative Law. Mr. Bull has published numerous articles in highly regarded law journals, including the Administrative Law Review, George Washington Law Review, and Law and Contemporary Problems. Mr. Bull is an Elected Member of the American Law Institute and a Public Member of the Administrative Conference of the United States.
Earlier in his career, Mr. Bull worked in the private sector as an associate with the law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP and in government service as a law clerk to the Honorable Alvin A. Schall of the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals. During his time as an associate with Gibson Dunn, Mr. Bull worked on a variety of litigation and regulatory matters. He participated in cases appearing before the United States Supreme Court, several federal Courts of Appeals, and numerous federal district courts and state trial courts. His experience spanned a variety of practice areas, including administrative, constitutional, intellectual property, antitrust, environmental, securities, and white collar criminal law. During his clerkship for Judge Schall, Mr. Bull assisted with appeals in cases spanning a variety of areas, with particular emphasis on administrative and patent law.
Mr. Bull attended law school at Duke University, where he graduated with highest honors and was inducted into the Order of the Coif. He was one of two recipients of the Willis Smith Award for compiling the most outstanding academic record in the graduating class and the recipient of the James S. Bidlake Memorial Award for achieving the highest grade in his first year legal writing section. Mr. Bull also served as a Note Editor on the Duke Law Journal. Prior to law school, Mr. Bull attended the University of Oklahoma, where he graduated summa cum laude with a Bachelors in Chemistry and was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa.
Director, GW Regulatory Studies Center & Distinguished Professor of Practice, Trachtenberg School of Public Policy & Public Administration, The George Washington University
Susan Dudley is the Founder and Director of the George Washington University Regulatory Studies Center, established in 2009 to raise awareness of regulations’ effects and improve regulatory policy through research, education, and outreach. She is also a distinguished professor of practice in the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration. She is past-president of the Society for Benefit Cost Analysis, a senior fellow of the Administrative Conference of the United States, and on the Regulatory Transparency Project Regulatory Practice Working Group. Her book, Regulation: A Primer, with Jerry Brito, is available on Amazon.com.
From April 2007 through January 2009, Professor Dudley served as the Presidentially-appointed Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and was responsible for the review of draft executive branch regulations under Executive Order 12866, the collection of federal-government-wide information under the Paperwork Reduction Act, the development and implementation of government-wide policies in the areas of information policy, privacy, and statistical policy, and international regulatory cooperation efforts.
Prior to OIRA, she directed the Regulatory Studies Program at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, and taught courses on regulation at the George Mason University School of Law. Earlier in her career, Professor Dudley served as an economist at OIRA, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. She was also a consultant to government and private clients at Economists Incorporated. She holds a Master of Science degree from the Sloan School of Management at MIT and a Bachelor of Science degree (summa cum laude) in Resource Economics from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Edward F. Howrey Professor of Law, University of Virginia
Michael Livermore joined the faculty in 2013. He teaches environmental law, administrative law, regulatory law and policy, and advanced seminars on these topics. His research focuses on environmental law, regulation, bureaucratic oversight and the computational analysis of law. He frequently collaborates on interdisciplinary projects with researchers in other academic fields, including economics, computer science and neurology. His work has appeared in leading law journals, including the Yale Law Journal, University of Chicago Law Review, New York University Law Review, Georgetown Law Journal and Duke Law Journal. Livermore is a leading expert on the use of cost-benefit analysis to evaluate environmental regulation, and he is the co-author of Retaking Rationality: How Cost-Benefit Analysis Can Better Protect the Environment and Our Health (Oxford University Press, 2008) and co-editor of The Globalization of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Policy (Oxford University Press, 2013).
Prior to joining the faculty, Livermore was the founding executive director of the Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law, a think tank dedicated to improving the quality of government decision-making. In that capacity, he participated in dozens of regulatory proceedings on a diverse set of issues ranging from climate change to prison safety. He remains an active participant in environmental policy discussions. Livermore earned his J.D. magna cum laude from NYU Law, where he was a Furman Scholar, was elected to the Order of the Coif, and served as a managing editor of the Law Review. After law school, he spent a year as a fellow at NYU Law’s Center on Environmental and Land Use Law before clerking for Judge Harry T. Edwards on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.
During the 2018-19 academic year, Livermore is leading an Online Workshop on the Computational Analysis of Law.
Kathleen Q. Abernathy recently returned to Wilkinson Barker Knauer LLP as special counsel. She was previously elected to the Board of Directors of Frontier Communications as an independent director in 2006 following her term as a Commissioner at the Federal Communications Commission from 2001 to 2005. In 2010 she joined the company as Chief Legal Officer and Executive Vice President, Regulatory and Governmental Affairs. Prior to her term as an FCC Commissioner, Ms. Abernathy worked for a number of different telecommunications companies and law firms. She has received numerous awards in recognition of her professional accomplishments and has taught as an adjunct professor at Georgetown University Law Center and Catholic University’s Columbus School of Law. She received her B.S. from Marquette University and her J.D. from Catholic University’s Columbus School of Law.
Associate Professor of Political Science, Public Policy and Public Administration, and International Affairs, George Washington University
Steven Balla is Associate Professor of Political Science, Public Policy and Public Administration, and International Affairs, and a Senior Scholar at the George Washington Regulatory Studies Center. He researches government consultation and public participation in policymaking in the United States and China. He has on two occasions served as a consultant to the Administrative Conference of the United States, drawing on his research on public commenting in the U.S. rulemaking process to make recommendations for how to improve regulatory policymaking. He has twice served as a Fulbright Scholar in China, at Peking University in Beijing and Nankai University in Tianjin. He is currently working on projects on congressional oversight of regulatory policymaking, polarization in public commenting on proposed rules, and the responsiveness of Chinese government officials to public feedback on draft laws and regulations.
Policy Director, Fulcrum Foundation
Reeve T. Bull is the Policy Director of the Fulcrum Foundation. In this role, he promotes executive and legislative reforms designed to update and streamline the regulatory system. These reforms draw upon the work Mr. Bull undertook in his previous role as the Director of the Virginia Office of Regulatory Management (ORM). During his time at ORM, he led the Commonwealth's efforts related to regulatory streamlining and permitting transparency and the development and implementation of artificial intelligence policy.
Previously, Mr. Bull served as the Research Director of the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS). At ACUS, he worked on projects related to international regulatory cooperation, the use of science by administrative agencies, presidential review of agency rulemaking, cost-benefit analysis, government contractor ethics, and e-rulemaking, among other things. Mr. Bull has also served as an Adjunct Professor at the Antonin Scalia Law School and the George Washington University, teaching courses on Administrative Law. Mr. Bull has published numerous articles in highly regarded law journals, including the Administrative Law Review, George Washington Law Review, and Law and Contemporary Problems. Mr. Bull is an Elected Member of the American Law Institute and a Public Member of the Administrative Conference of the United States.
Earlier in his career, Mr. Bull worked in the private sector as an associate with the law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP and in government service as a law clerk to the Honorable Alvin A. Schall of the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals. During his time as an associate with Gibson Dunn, Mr. Bull worked on a variety of litigation and regulatory matters. He participated in cases appearing before the United States Supreme Court, several federal Courts of Appeals, and numerous federal district courts and state trial courts. His experience spanned a variety of practice areas, including administrative, constitutional, intellectual property, antitrust, environmental, securities, and white collar criminal law. During his clerkship for Judge Schall, Mr. Bull assisted with appeals in cases spanning a variety of areas, with particular emphasis on administrative and patent law.
Mr. Bull attended law school at Duke University, where he graduated with highest honors and was inducted into the Order of the Coif. He was one of two recipients of the Willis Smith Award for compiling the most outstanding academic record in the graduating class and the recipient of the James S. Bidlake Memorial Award for achieving the highest grade in his first year legal writing section. Mr. Bull also served as a Note Editor on the Duke Law Journal. Prior to law school, Mr. Bull attended the University of Oklahoma, where he graduated summa cum laude with a Bachelors in Chemistry and was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa.
Director, GW Regulatory Studies Center & Distinguished Professor of Practice, Trachtenberg School of Public Policy & Public Administration, The George Washington University
Susan Dudley is the Founder and Director of the George Washington University Regulatory Studies Center, established in 2009 to raise awareness of regulations’ effects and improve regulatory policy through research, education, and outreach. She is also a distinguished professor of practice in the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration. She is past-president of the Society for Benefit Cost Analysis, a senior fellow of the Administrative Conference of the United States, and on the Regulatory Transparency Project Regulatory Practice Working Group. Her book, Regulation: A Primer, with Jerry Brito, is available on Amazon.com.
From April 2007 through January 2009, Professor Dudley served as the Presidentially-appointed Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and was responsible for the review of draft executive branch regulations under Executive Order 12866, the collection of federal-government-wide information under the Paperwork Reduction Act, the development and implementation of government-wide policies in the areas of information policy, privacy, and statistical policy, and international regulatory cooperation efforts.
Prior to OIRA, she directed the Regulatory Studies Program at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, and taught courses on regulation at the George Mason University School of Law. Earlier in her career, Professor Dudley served as an economist at OIRA, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. She was also a consultant to government and private clients at Economists Incorporated. She holds a Master of Science degree from the Sloan School of Management at MIT and a Bachelor of Science degree (summa cum laude) in Resource Economics from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Edward F. Howrey Professor of Law, University of Virginia
Michael Livermore joined the faculty in 2013. He teaches environmental law, administrative law, regulatory law and policy, and advanced seminars on these topics. His research focuses on environmental law, regulation, bureaucratic oversight and the computational analysis of law. He frequently collaborates on interdisciplinary projects with researchers in other academic fields, including economics, computer science and neurology. His work has appeared in leading law journals, including the Yale Law Journal, University of Chicago Law Review, New York University Law Review, Georgetown Law Journal and Duke Law Journal. Livermore is a leading expert on the use of cost-benefit analysis to evaluate environmental regulation, and he is the co-author of Retaking Rationality: How Cost-Benefit Analysis Can Better Protect the Environment and Our Health (Oxford University Press, 2008) and co-editor of The Globalization of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Policy (Oxford University Press, 2013).
Prior to joining the faculty, Livermore was the founding executive director of the Institute for Policy Integrity at New York University School of Law, a think tank dedicated to improving the quality of government decision-making. In that capacity, he participated in dozens of regulatory proceedings on a diverse set of issues ranging from climate change to prison safety. He remains an active participant in environmental policy discussions. Livermore earned his J.D. magna cum laude from NYU Law, where he was a Furman Scholar, was elected to the Order of the Coif, and served as a managing editor of the Law Review. After law school, he spent a year as a fellow at NYU Law’s Center on Environmental and Land Use Law before clerking for Judge Harry T. Edwards on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.
During the 2018-19 academic year, Livermore is leading an Online Workshop on the Computational Analysis of Law.
Deep Dive Episode 151 – Public Input in Agency Rulemaking
Steven Balla, Reeve T. Bull, Susan E. Dudley, Michael Livermore
When the FCC put forward its proposed repeal of the net neutrality rule, it received...
Deep Dive Episode 151 – Public Input in Agency Rulemaking
A Regulatory Transparency Project Teleforum
TeleforumHow to Regulate the Internet
Kathleen Q. Abernathy
Note from the Editor: This article traces the history of the FCC’s approach to regulating...
Civil Forfeiture: 3 Recent Cases (Part 1)
Civil forfeiture is a powerful tool for dismantling criminal enterprises. Eliminating the profit from crime...