Senior Fellow in Constitutional Jurisprudence, Independence Institute
Professor Robert G. Natelson is a constitutional scholar and author.
Rob’s constitutional scholarship has been cited repeatedly by justices and parties at the U.S. Supreme Court—as well as by federal appeals courts, and at least 18 state supreme courts.
Rob’s research into the Constitution’s original meaning has carried him to libraries throughout the United States and in Britain, including four months at Oxford University. His books and articles span many different parts of the Constitution, including groundbreaking studies of the Necessary and Proper Clause, the Indian Commerce Clause, federalism, Founding-Era interpretation, regulation of elections, and the amendment process of Article V. He created the first-ever online bibliography for 18th century materials used in constitutional research. He is a contributing author to the Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States (on Magna Carta). He contributed eight essays to the third edition of the Heritage Guide to the Constitution: five on the amendment procedure and one each on the Guarantee Clause, the Postal Clause, and the Recess Appointments Clause.
U.S. Supreme Court justices have relied explicitly on Rob’s research in 41 citations in 13 separate cases.
Counsel, Clare Locke
Eric Hageman is an attorney at Clare Locke LLP, where he defends individuals, institutions, and corporations from reputational attacks. He has significant litigation experience at all levels of state and federal court, having authored scores of merits and amicus briefs in the U.S. Supreme Court and federal courts of appeals. His clients represent a wide array of industries and have included several high-net-worth individuals and half the Fortune 20.
Before joining Clare Locke, Eric was an appellate attorney in the Washington, D.C., offices of two multinational law firms, where he worked on shareholder disputes, broken-deal litigation, separation-of-powers issues, and arbitrability disputes, as well as litigation under the Foreign Agent Registration Act, the Freedom of Information Act, and the Alien Tort Statute.
Eric was a law clerk to the Honorable Kyle Duncan of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and to the Honorable Thomas Schroeder of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina.
Eric earned his J.D. from Notre Dame Law School, where he was Executive Editor of the Notre Dame Law Review and published work on the Takings Clause and on the obligations of judicial candor. He earned his Bachelor of Architecture from the University of Notre Dame, where he studied in Rome and was a member of the School of Architecture Curriculum Committee.
Eric is an Antonin Scalia Fellow and a Fellow of the James Wilson Institute on Natural Rights and the American Founding. His legal and jurisprudential scholarship has appeared in the Notre Dame Law Review, U.S. Constitutional Law: Rights & Liberties, Law and Liberty, and Mirror of Justice, among other publications. Eric’s commentary on the Supreme Court has been quoted in Bloomberg.
Fellow, Manhattan Institute
Tim Rosenberger serves as Senior Counsel at the United States Department of Education. He was previously a fellow at the Manhattan Institute and Stanford University’s Center for Entrepreneurial Studies. He was also the founding COO of Verbum Labs and serves as a Chaplain with the Cleveland Division of Police. Before matriculating to law school, he was a legal policy fellow at the Cicero Institute, a parish pastor, and a management consultant with McKinsey & Company.
Tim has contributed to a variety of academic, popular, and professional publications, including the Wall Street Journal, The Hill, The New York Post, and City Journal. He also regularly provides commentary for various media outlets, testifies before state legislatures, and files dozens of amicus curiae “friend of the court” briefs in the Supreme Court and various circuit courts.
He holds an AB from Georgetown University, a M.Div. from United Lutheran Seminary, a D.Min from the Rawlings School of Divinity, an LL.M. from Universität Wien, and a JD/MBA from Stanford University, where he was Federalist Society Chapter President and served on Law Review. Tim’s research interests lie at the intersection of law, faith, education and entrepreneurship—with a particular focus on leveraging policy to help America’s overlooked populations build lives of dignity.
Shareholder & Co-Chair of the Workplace Policy Institute, Littler Mendelson P.C.
Alexander T. MacDonald advises employers on all aspects of the employment and labor landscape, focusing on emerging legislation and regulation. He has extensive experience advising businesses on worker classification, arbitration, the administrative and regulatory process, and the future of work. He frequently writes, publishes, and speaks on these subjects. His work has been cited by scholars and appellate courts. He is a recognized voice for the management perspective.
Alexander is a co-chair of the Workplace Policy Institute (WPI) team. With WPI, he advises employers on legislative, administrative, and regulatory developments at the state and federal level. He advocates for employers in the regulatory and administrative process. He also helps employers protect their businesses by understanding and anticipating cutting-edge legal developments.
Alexander also has extensive experience in traditional labor law. He represents management in all aspects of labor-management relations, including unfair labor practice charges, grievance arbitrations, representation elections, contract negotiations, and related litigation, including litigation in the U.S. courts of appeals.
Before joining Littler, Alexander served as the director, future of work, for a major technology company. He also worked in a national labor and employment law firm and a major public-sector general counsel’s office. He was a law clerk to the senior judges in the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.
He is also a veteran of the U.S. Air Force. He served in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. In law school, he graduated first in his class
Supervising Senior Attorney, Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE)
Conor Fitzpatrick comes to FIRE by way of Detroit, Michigan, where he was a principal at Miller, Canfield, Paddock and Stone. Conor has extensive litigation experience at the state and federal level. He has first-chaired multiple jury trials and briefed and argued several eight-figure cases on appeal.
Conor also comes to FIRE with a track record of supporting civil liberties and the First Amendment. Before joining FIRE, he taught First Amendment law as an adjunct professor at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Law. He has extensive experience litigating First Amendment cases pro bono on behalf of the incarcerated: His First Amendment work for inmates includes trying a First Amendment free exercise case to a federal jury, which resulted in a six-figure, mid-trial settlement following his cross examination of the key defendant. In another case, Conor secured a published decision from the Sixth Circuit denying qualified immunity to five prison employees, cementing his client’s First Amendment right to peacefully criticize government employees. Conor’s work on these and other cases earned him the 2018 Richard J. Seryak Award for Pro Bono Service.
When not thinking about the First Amendment, Conor enjoys reading, running, and eating sushi. He also avidly supports Detroit’s sports teams, but he rarely enjoys it.
Senior Counsel, Director of Center for Academic Freedom, Alliance Defending Freedom
Tyson Langhofer serves as senior counsel and director of the Center for Academic Freedom with Alliance Defending Freedom.
Langhofer represents students and faculty at public high schools and colleges in defending their First Amendment rights. For example, in Denton v. Hecht, he successfully defended a Florida State University student after he was removed as Student Senate President simply for sharing his Catholic views in a private group chat. In Cross v. Loudoun County Public Schools, he successfully defended an elementary school gym teacher after the school suspended him for peacefully sharing his views on a proposed policy at a public school board meeting.
Langhofer has extensive experience in civil litigation and constitutional law. Before joining ADF, Langhofer was a partner with Stinson LLP, where he worked as a commercial litigation attorney from 2000 until he joined ADF in 2015.
Langhofer is Peer Review Rated AV® Preeminent in Martindale-Hubbell. He is a sought-after speaker on legal and cultural issues. He regularly comments on free speech issues in television, radio, and print media. He has appeared as a guest and written pieces for numerous major media outlets, including The Washington Post, The Washington Times, USA Today, Townhall, The Federalist, and The Daily Wire.
Langhofer earned his Juris Doctor from Regent University School of Law in 1999, graduating cum laude. Langhofer is admitted to practice in multiple states, the Supreme Court, and numerous federal district and appellate courts.
Vice President for Legal Strategy, Stand Together
Casey Mattox is Vice President for Legal Strategy at Stand Together and Senior Advisor at
Americans for Prosperity. In these roles he advocates for and creates strategies and
partnerships to ensure a constitutionally limited government that protects the civil liberties of all
Americans. Prior to joining Stand Together and AFP Casey’s legal career focused on defending
the First Amendment rights of students, faculty, healthcare workers and religious organizations.
Casey has a J.D. from Boston College School of Law and an undergraduate degree from the
University of Virginia. You can find him on Twitter at @CaseyMattox_ and on LinkedIn at
@Casey-Mattox-ST.
Attorney, Pacific Legal Foundation
Caleb Trotter is an attorney at Pacific Legal Foundation, where he litigates on behalf of individuals and small businesses fighting for their constitutional rights to free speech, economic liberty, and equal protection under the law.
Caleb’s practice at PLF is primarily focused on free speech rights that allow people to pursue the profession of their choice in the manner they see fit. He successfully represented Peggy Fontenot in a challenge to an Oklahoma law that prevented her from truthfully marketing her art as American Indian-made.
Caleb also has taken the lead in fighting for students to participate in school athletics free from oppressive sex-based quotas. He has successfully represented Dmitri Moua, Zachary Greenwald, and Freddie Linden in challenging rules in Minnesota and South Dakota that prohibited them from participating on high school competitive dance teams.
Prior to PLF, Caleb clerked for the Institute for Justice and externed for the public defender’s office in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana. Before starting his legal career, he worked in real estate, banking, and investments.
Upon witnessing government screw-ups at every level following Hurricane Katrina, and due to absorbing the laissez-faire culture of New Orleans over many years, Caleb came to see the importance of individualism to human flourishing. He was inspired to dedicate his career to advancing liberty through the law after reading story after story in Reason magazine of organizations like PLF fighting to protect individual rights.
Caleb attended law school at Loyola University New Orleans, where he graduated cum laude and served as a member of the Loyola Law Review and moot court program. He also earned a BSM in finance and legal studies in business at Tulane University. He lives in Sacramento with his wife, Ashlee, and cat, Frank. Caleb loves traveling—he’s been to all 50 states—following his beloved Texas Rangers, photography, and Mardi Gras. If you’re ever in PLF’s Sacramento office, be sure to check out his bobblehead collection.
Topics
Split Eleventh Circuit Panel Enjoins Florida Obscenity Law: Does Florida’s Protection of Children Act Violate the Original Understanding of the Free Speech Clause?
A recent decision by a divided panel of the Eleventh Circuit is the latest misuse...
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Big Tech and the Conservative Paradox
Last month may well be remembered as Big Tech’s Antitrust April. On Monday, April 14,...
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Secret Recording and the Right to Privacy: Project Veritas at the Supreme Court
On April 7, Project Veritas filed a petition for certiorari with the United States Supreme...
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The Shot Heard Round The World
In May of 1773, to rescue the nearly bankrupt East India Company, the British Parliament...
Applying the Founders' Originalism
Robert G. Natelson
The 1787 Federal Convention drafted, and the ratifiers approved, the United States Constitution under the...
Supreme Judicial Court Streamlines Massachusetts Anti-SLAPP Motions
Eric Hageman
In Bristol Asphalt, Co. v. Rochester Bituminous Products, Inc., the Supreme Judicial Court of...
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Settlement in Council on American Islamic Relations v. Gaubatz Leaves an Unresolved Tension Between the First Amendment and Secret Recording Laws
The Council on American Islamic Relations, or CAIR, is no stranger to controversy or litigation,...
Massachusetts High Court Strikes Down Switchblade Ban under Bruen
Tim Rosenberger
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Predistribution, Labor Standards, and Ideological Drift: Why Some Conservatives Are Embracing Labor Unions (and Why They Shouldn't)
Alexander T. MacDonald
Common ground isn’t always a good thing. For example, consider the growing popularity of “predistribution.”...
Litigation Update: Free Speech Rights of K-12 Students
Conor Fitzpatrick, Tyson Langhofer, Casey Mattox, Caleb Trotter
The free speech rights (or lack thereof) of K-12 students has always been a unique...