Associate Professor of Law, Notre Dame Law School
Haley Proctor joined Notre Dame Law School in 2024 as an Associate Professor of Law. She teaches and writes on procedure, evidence, constitutional law, and federal courts. Her scholarship explores the connections between judicial and administrative procedures and the powers legislators, administrators, and courts exercise. Before coming to ND Law, she was a faculty fellow at the University of Missouri School of Law and the Kinder Institute for Constitutional Democracy and practiced law at the law firm of Cooper & Kirk PLLC. She also served as a clerk to Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court and Judge Thomas Griffith of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. Proctor earned her B.A., magna cum laude, in political science and international studies from Yale College, and her J.D. from Yale Law School.
Senior Legal Fellow, Advancing American Freedom
Amy Swearer is a leading national expert on a wide range of public policy, legal, and constitutional issues, including the Second Amendment, criminal justice, and mental health policy. She has long been a respected conservative voice on gun policy and is routinely asked to testify before state and federal legislative bodies. Her work on birthright citizenship, meanwhile, has been featured extensively in litigation over the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment’s Citizenship Clause.
Swearer was formerly a Senior Legal Fellow in the Edwin Meese III Center for Legal & Judicial Studies at the Heritage Foundation. At Heritage, she ran the Defensive Gun Use Database and was the primary author of the e-book “The Essential Second Amendment.” She was also a driving force behind the organization’s School Safety Initiative.
She was the 2022 recipient of the Heritage Foundation’s Joseph Shattan Award for “writing that presents conservative ideas in a powerful and compelling fashion to policymakers and the American people.” She was also named the Second Amendment Institute’s 2022 Gun Rights Champion.
Swearer received her law degree from the University of Nebraska College of Law and was a member of the Nebraska Law Review. She holds a B.S. in Criminology & Criminal Justice from the University of Nebraska, where she was a Chancellor’s Scholar and a goalkeeper on the women’s soccer team
General Counsel, American Suppressor Association
Michael first joined ASA in 2014, and served as ASA’s General Counsel from 2015 to 2016, before leaving to join the Administration in 2017.
Michael began his federal service at the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB), where he served two years as an attorney in the Office of General Counsel and focused on federal budget and regulatory matters. He then transitioned to the West Wing in March of 2019, where he served as Deputy Assistant to the President and Counselor to White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney. During his time in the West Wing, Michael advised the Chief of Staff and the President on numerous matters, and served as the top White House policy advisor on Second Amendment issues. Michael left the West Wing in July of 2020 to serve as Acting General Counsel at the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), where he managed a budget of over $100 million and supervised a staff of nearly 300 attorneys and 250 other professionals.
Managing Attorney, Lindsay and Matt Moroun Religious Liberty Clinic and Term Teaching Professor of Law, University of Notre Dame Law School
Meredith Holland Kessler is the Managing Attorney for the Lindsay and Matt Moroun Religious Liberty Clinic, where she trains, educates, and mentors students in the legal profession as they work to promote the fundamental human right to religious freedom. She represents clients in a variety of legal matters, with a strong focus on the Clinic's litigation efforts, and oversees the Clinic's operations.
Prior to joining Notre Dame Law School in 2022, Kessler practiced law in Washington, D.C. as an Issues & Appeals associate at Jones Day. She also served as a law clerk to Judge Diarmuid F. O’Scannlain on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and to Judge Richard J. Leon on the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.
Kessler earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and Theology from the University of Notre Dame. She graduated summa cum laude from Notre Dame Law School, where she served as the Federal Courts and Submissions Editor of the Notre Dame Law Review.
Assistant Clinical Professor of Law & Director, Religious Freedom Clinic, Harvard Law School
Josh is the Director of Harvard Law School’s Religious Freedom Clinic, a pro bono program that gives students a hands-on, supervised experience representing a diverse group of clients in First Amendment and religious freedom cases.
Before entering clinical teaching, Josh clerked for the Honorable Cormac J. Carney of the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California and the Honorable Jay S. Bybee of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In addition to serving as a staff attorney in the clinic’s inaugural semester in 2020, he was previously a trial litigator at Munger, Tolles & Olson and an appellate litigator at Horvitz & Levy, where he specialized in representing individual and organizational clients in both commercial and civil rights cases, with particular expertise in First Amendment and religious freedom issues.
While in private practice, Josh received a Daily Journal 2022 California Lawyer Attorneys of the Year (CLAY) award, was twice named a “One to Watch” in appellate law by Best Lawyers, and argued in numerous appellate courts and courts of last resort, including twice before the California Supreme Court. His amicus brief for Jewish schools in a case before the U.S. Supreme Court was quoted by Justice Kavanaugh at oral argument.
Josh earned his B.A., magna cum laude, from Brigham Young University and graduated first in his class from UCLA School of Law.
James L. Oberstar Professor of Law and Public Policy, University of St. Thomas School of Law
Senior Litigation Counsel, Washington Legal Foundation
Zac joined WLF in 2025 as Senior Litigation Counsel. In that role, he regularly represents WLF and other clients as counsel of record in cases before the U.S. Supreme Court and the federal appellate courts. Before arriving at WLF, Zac served as counsel to Commissioner Allen Dickerson of the Federal Election Commission. Zac also spent eight years litigating First Amendment cases as a staff attorney for the Institute for Free Speech, where he represented clients in federal and state cases across the country. He received his J.D. from George Mason University’s School of Law, where he participated in GMU’s Wiley Rein Supreme Court clinic.
Associate Professor of Law, Temple University Beasley School of Law
Jacob Schuman is an Associate Professor at Temple University Beasley School of Law, where he teaches Constitutional Law, Evidence, and the Law of the Police. His scholarship focuses on the law of community supervision and has been published or is forthcoming in the Stanford Law Review, New York University Law Review, Michigan Law Review, Virginia Law Review, American Criminal Law Review, Philadelphia Inquirer, and New Republic.
Professor Schuman’s scholarship is regularly cited by courts, scholars, journalists, and advocates, including by federal judges on the Second, Fourth, and Seventh Circuit U.S. Courts of Appeals. It has also won plaudits across the ideological spectrum, from the American Constitution Society to the Federalist Society. He has filed amicus briefs based on his work on behalf of clients such as the National Association of Federal Defenders and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers.
Prior to joining Temple Law, Professor Schuman served in the appellate unit of the Federal Community Defender Office in Philadelphia, where he represented indigent criminal defendants before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He also worked as a white-collar criminal defense lawyer in Washington, D.C. After graduating magna cum laude from Harvard Law School, he clerked for the Honorable Michael Boudin on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit and the Honorable James Boasberg on the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.
Legal Counsel, Center for Free Speech, Alliance Defending Freedom
Logan Spena serves as legal counsel for the Center for Free Speech at Alliance Defending Freedom, where he works to defend free speech and combat global censorship and coercion.
Before joining ADF, Spena served as Deputy Policy Director in the Missouri governor’s office where he oversaw the state’s regulatory reform efforts and worked to approve legislation on many issues including education, foster care, and protecting the unborn.
Spena graduated from the University of Virginia School of Law in 2016, where he served on the Editorial Board of the Virginia Law Review. Spena earned his B.A. in Government: Political Theory from Patrick Henry College in 2012. Spena is a member of the bars of Virginia and Missouri.
Director of Clinical and Experiential Learning, Clinical Professor of Law & Director of the Criminal and Juvenile Justice Clinic, University of Chicago Law School
Erica Zunkel is a Clinical Professor of Law and directs the Criminal and Juvenile Justice Clinic. Under Professor Zunkel’s supervision, law students represent indigent individuals in criminal trial courts, on appeal, and in post-conviction proceedings, and pursue policy and impact projects to effect system change. Professor Zunkel’s Excessive Sentences Project is an initiative that aims to free prisoners serving lengthy sentences through the use of second look mechanisms such as compassionate release, parole, and clemency. Zunkel and her clinic students have secured the early release of 17 individuals, resulting in hundreds of years in prison saved for their clients. In recognition of her post-conviction work, Zunkel received the 2024 Excellence in Pro Bono Service Award from the United States Northern District of Illinois District Court and the Federal Bar Association.
Zunkel’s case and research interests include post-conviction remedies for excessive sentences in the federal and state systems, mandatory minimums, and sentencing. In 2022, Illinois Governor J.B. Pritzker appointed Professor Zunkel to be a Commissioner on the Illinois Torture Inquiry and Relief Commission, which examines claims of police torture.
Before coming to the Law School in 2012, Professor Zunkel was a federal public defender in San Diego, California and a law clerk for U.S. District Court Judge Martha Vázquez in Santa Fe, New Mexico. She received her B.A. from Cornell University and her J.D. from the University of California-Berkeley School of Law.
Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives & Special Counsel to the President, Alliance Defending Freedom
Ryan Bangert serves as senior vice president for strategic initiatives and special counsel to the president at Alliance Defending Freedom. He oversees ADF’s Blackstone Legal Fellowship and Research & Innovation Team. He also advises executive leadership on strategic initiatives.
Before joining ADF, Bangert served as deputy first assistant attorney general and deputy for legal counsel in the office of the Texas attorney general, and as deputy for civil litigation for Missouri Attorney General Josh Hawley. Prior to his government service, Bangert was a litigation partner at Baker Botts L.L.P., where he was a member of the firm’s commercial litigation and appellate practice sections.
Bangert has been published at First Things, Civitas Outlook, Law & Liberty, National Review, Daily Wire, The Hill, Washington Examiner, The Federalist, Fox News, and the American Reformer. He speaks nationally on constitutional, cultural, and religious liberty issues. He also serves as Visiting Faculty in Law at the University of Austin.
He earned his J.D. from Southern Methodist University, where he was a Hatton Sumners scholar and graduated first in his class. Following law school, he clerked for the Honorable Patrick E. Higginbotham on the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Senior Counsel and VP, Appellate Advocacy, Alliance Defending Freedom
John Bursch is senior counsel and vice president of appellate advocacy with Alliance Defending Freedom. Bursch has argued 12 U.S. Supreme Court cases and more than 30 state supreme court cases since 2011, and a recent study concluded that among all frequent Supreme Court advocates who did not work for the federal government, he had the 3rd highest success rate for persuading justices to adopt his legal position.
Bursch served as solicitor general for the state of Michigan from 2011-2013. He has argued multiple Michigan Supreme Court cases in eight of the last ten terms and has successfully litigated hundreds of matters nationwide, including six with at least $1 billion at stake. As part of his private firm, Bursch Law PLLC, he has represented Fortune 500 companies, foreign and domestic governments, top public officials, and industry associations in high-profile cases, primarily on appeal. He was inducted into the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers and serves as a member of the American Law Institute. His work has resulted in repeated listings in Michigan Super Lawyers and Best Lawyers.
Before entering private practice, Bursch served as a law clerk to the Honorable James B. Loken on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit. He received his J.D. magna cum laude in 1997 from the University of Minnesota Law School, where he served as Chief Note & Comment Editor for the Minnesota Law Review. Prior to that, he attended Western Michigan University, where he received degrees in mathematics and music performance summa cum laude.
Justice, Supreme Court of Texas
Justice Kyle D. Hawkins was appointed to the Supreme Court of Texas by Governor Greg Abbott in October 2025.
Justice Hawkins previously served in the U.S. Department of Justice as Counselor to the Solicitor General, where he represented the United States before the U.S. Supreme Court. Previously, he served as the Texas Solicitor General, the state’s chief appellate advocate charged with representing the state, its agencies, and its officers in state and federal appellate courts. Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk for U.S. Supreme Court Justice Samuel A. Alito, Jr., and for Judge Edith H. Jones of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. As an appellate practitioner, Justice Hawkins argued five cases in the U.S. Supreme Court, nine in the Texas Supreme Court, and dozens more in other federal and state appellate courts.
In addition to his government service, Justice Hawkins served as a partner in the Dallas and Houston offices of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, and he chaired the Texas appellate practice of Lehotsky Keller Cohn LLP, a national litigation boutique. Justice Hawkins has served as an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Texas School of Law.
Justice Hawkins lives in Austin, Texas, with his wife and four children.
Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives & Special Counsel to the President, Alliance Defending Freedom
Ryan Bangert serves as senior vice president for strategic initiatives and special counsel to the president at Alliance Defending Freedom. He oversees ADF’s Blackstone Legal Fellowship and Research & Innovation Team. He also advises executive leadership on strategic initiatives.
Before joining ADF, Bangert served as deputy first assistant attorney general and deputy for legal counsel in the office of the Texas attorney general, and as deputy for civil litigation for Missouri Attorney General Josh Hawley. Prior to his government service, Bangert was a litigation partner at Baker Botts L.L.P., where he was a member of the firm’s commercial litigation and appellate practice sections.
Bangert has been published at First Things, Civitas Outlook, Law & Liberty, National Review, Daily Wire, The Hill, Washington Examiner, The Federalist, Fox News, and the American Reformer. He speaks nationally on constitutional, cultural, and religious liberty issues. He also serves as Visiting Faculty in Law at the University of Austin.
He earned his J.D. from Southern Methodist University, where he was a Hatton Sumners scholar and graduated first in his class. Following law school, he clerked for the Honorable Patrick E. Higginbotham on the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Solicitor General, Iowa Office of the Attorney General
Eric Wessan serves as Iowa’s Solicitor General in the Iowa Attorney General’s Office. In that role, Wessan leads Iowa’s litigation before State and federal appellate courts, including the Iowa and U.S. Supreme Courts. Before that role, Wessan worked on complex commercial litigation at two large law firms in Chicago. Wessan also served as a law clerk for the Honorable James C. Ho on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and for the Honorable John F. Kness on the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. Wessan is a graduate of the University of Chicago Law School, with honors, and of the University of Chicago.
Adam Griffin is a graduate of the University of North Carolina School of Law. During law school, he served as a research assistant to Professor Stephen E. Sachs and UNC Law Dean Martin Brinkley. After law school, Adam spent two years litigating for liberty at the Institute for Justice as an inaugural Law and Liberty Fellow. He then served as a law clerk to Chief Judge Richard E. Myers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina, and previously worked at Pacific Legal Foundation and the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice.
Assistant Professor of Law, Columbus School of Law, Catholic University of America
Chad Squitieri is an Assistant Professor of Law at Catholic University of America’s Columbus School of Law. There he serves as the Director of the Separation of Powers Institute, and as a Managing Director of the Center for the Constitution and the Catholic Intellectual Tradition. Professor Squitieri’s scholarship addresses administrative law and constitutional law topics, including separation-of-powers principles. His scholarship has appeared in the Administrative Law Review, the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, and the Baylor Law Review, among other publications.
Prior to joining the faculty at the Catholic University of America, Prof. Squitieri practiced law at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP as a member of the Appellate and Constitutional Law and Administrative Law and Regulatory practice groups. He also served as a Special Assistant to former United States Secretary of Labor Eugene Scalia, and as a law clerk to then-Chief Judge D. Brooks Smith of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Beyond Bruen: Exploring the Supreme Court's Second Amendment Jurisprudence Past, Present and Future
Haley N. Proctor, Amy E. Swearer, Michael Williams
The Supreme Court's Second Amendment jurisprudence continues to evolve. This past Term, the Court issued...
Dinner Discussion: Branches, Boundaries, and the Bench– A Judicious Conversation
Featuring: Hon. John Bush, U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit Hon. John Nielsen, Supreme Court of...
Courthouse Steps Oral Argument: Landor v. Louisiana Department of Corrections and Public Safety
Meredith Holland Kessler, Joshua C. McDaniel
Damon Landor, a state prisoner and practicing Rastafarian, refused to cut his hair as an...
A Seat at the Sitting - November 2025
Thomas C. Berg, Zac Morgan, Jacob Schuman, Logan Spena, Erica Zunkel
Each month, a panel of constitutional experts convenes to discuss the Court’s upcoming docket sitting...
Courthouse Steps Decision: Medina v. Planned Parenthood South Atlantic
Ryan L. Bangert, John J. Bursch, Kyle Douglas Hawkins
in July of 2018, Governor Henry McMaster of South Carolina issued an executive order to...
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Say the Magic Word, Counselor: Oral Argument in Medina v. Planned Parenthood South Atlantic
On Wednesday, April 2, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Medina v. Planned Parenthood...
Courthouse Steps Oral Argument: Medina v. Planned Parenthood South Atlantic
Ryan L. Bangert, Eric Wessan
In July of 2018, Governor Henry McMaster of South Carolina issued an executive order to...
Courthouse Steps Oral Argument: Federal Communications Commission v. Consumers’ Research
Adam F. Griffin, Chad C. Squitieri
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is authorized by Congress to regulate interstate and international communications...
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Title IX Dear Colleague Letter from Education Department Puts Controversial Issue to Rest, For Now
American educational institutions finally have clarity on whether they are required to open sex-segregated facilities,...
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Court Holds the Corporate Transparency Act Is Unconstitutional: A Victory for Limited Government and the Right to Privacy
Earlier this month, a federal district court judge issued a preliminary injunction against the enforcement...