Judge, United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit
David Stras became a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit on January 31, 2018. Before serving on the Eighth Circuit, Judge Stras was an Associate Justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court, a position he occupied from July 1, 2010 until his appointment to the Eighth Circuit.
Prior to becoming a judge, Stras was a member of the faculty of the University of Minnesota Law School from 2004 through 2010. He taught and wrote in the areas of federal courts and jurisdiction, constitutional law, criminal law, and law and politics.
Judge Stras received his Bachelor of Arts degree, with highest distinction, in 1995 and his Master of Business Administration in 1999, both from the University of Kansas. He also received his law degree from the University of Kansas School of Law in 1999, where he served as Editor-in-Chief of the Criminal Procedure Edition of the Kansas Law Review.
Following law school, Stras clerked for The Honorable Melvin Brunetti of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and then for The Honorable J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
From 2001 to 2002, he practiced white-collar criminal and appellate litigation with the Washington, D.C., office of Sidley Austin Brown & Wood. Following his year in practice, he clerked for The Honorable Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Former Michigan Supreme Court Justice
Robert P. Young, Jr., retired justice of the Michigan Supreme Court, promoted initiatives to measure judicial performance, track public satisfaction, adopt best practices, streamline court processes, and implement technologies that expand public access, increase efficiency, and boost productivity of trial courts. From 2018 to 2019 he served as vice president and general counsel at Michigan State University. Mr. Young previously served 18 years as a member of the Michigan Supreme Court, including as chief justice from 2011 to January 2017. Before that, he was a judge of the Michigan Court of Appeals. Mr. Young has served on the boards of many charitable groups, including the Detroit Urban League, United Community Services of Metropolitan Detroit, and Vista Maria, a resource center for abused and neglected young women and girls. A former commissioner of the Michigan Civil Service Commission, he was a trustee of Central Michigan University, University Liggett School, and the Grosse Pointe Academy. Mr. Young is a former chair of the Greater Detroit Chamber of Commerce Leadership Detroit. He had been an adjunct professor at Wayne State University Law School for more than 20 years and more recently taught at Michigan State University Law School.
General Counsel, James Madison Center for Free Speech
Judge, United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
Judge Hardiman was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on January 9, 2007 and was confirmed by the Senate (95-0) on March 15, 2007. Prior to becoming an appellate judge, Judge Hardiman served as a trial judge on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania as of November 1, 2003. In 2008, Chief Justice John Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Information Technology Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States. Judge Hardiman was appointed Chairman of the IT Committee in 2013 and served in that capacity until September 2021. In 2021 he was appointed by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to serve as Chair of the Judiciary IT Security Task Force, which completed its work in fall 2023. Chief Justice Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Board of the Federal Judicial Center to serve from March 2020 until March 2024. As part of his work with the Center, Judge Hardiman now serves as Editor in Chief for the Manual for Complex Civil Litigation, Fifth.
Before entering judicial service, Judge Hardiman handled a wide variety of litigation matters in state and federal trial and appellate courts as a partner at Reed Smith LLP (1999-2003), a partner at Titus & McConomy LLP (1996-1999), and as an associate with its predecessor firm, Cindrich & Titus (1992-1996). Judge Hardiman began his legal career as an associate in the Washington, D.C. office of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (1990-1992).
A 1987 honors graduate of the University of Notre Dame, Judge Hardiman received his law degree in 1990 from the Georgetown University Law Center, where he served as a Notes and Comments Editor on the Georgetown Law Journal. In 2012, Judge Hardiman was elected as a member of the American Law Institute and was elected to its Council in 2019 and its Executive Committee in 2025. Judge Hardiman regularly teaches a seminar on Advanced Constitutional Law at Duquesne University School of Law and a one-week course entitled “Constitutional Law: the First and Second Amendments” at Georgetown University Law Center.
A native of Waltham, Massachusetts, Judge Hardiman has chambers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He and his wife Lori married in 1992 and have three children.
Partner, Baker Botts L.L.P.
Thomas R. Phillips, retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas, joined the Austin office of Baker Botts in September 2005, after nearly a quarter-century of judicial service.
After graduating from law school, Mr. Phillips clerked for Justice Ruel C. Walker of the Supreme Court of Texas and practiced law in the trial department of the Houston office of Baker Botts. From 1981 to 1988, he served as judge of the 280th District Court in Harris County, Texas, and from 1988 to 2004, he was chief justice. Initially appointed to both judicial offices by Governor William P. Clements, he was elected without opposition to the district bench in 1982 and 1986 and elected in contested races to the Supreme Court in 1988, 1990, 1996 and 2002.
Chief Justice, Wisconsin Supreme Court
Justice Patience Drake Roggensack was elected to the Supreme Court in 2003. She was the first Wisconsin Court of Appeals judge ever elected to the Supreme Court, and continues to be the only Supreme Court justice to have served on the intermediate appellate court.
Born in Joliet, Ill., Justice Roggensack received a bachelor's degree in zoology in 1962 from Drake University. She worked as a research associate at several universities prior to entering the UW Law School, where she earned a law degree in 1977.
Before joining the Supreme Court, Justice Roggensack was elected to the Court of Appeals in 1996 and re-elected in 2002. Prior to becoming a judge, Justice Roggensack practiced law for 16 years in Madison.
During her career, Justice Roggensack has been a member of a variety of law-related organizations including the American Judicature Society and the Fellows of the American Bar Foundation. She is past president of the Western District of Wisconsin Bar Association and a past member of the State Bar of Wisconsin Bench-Bar Committee. She also has served frequently as a guest lecturer at the UW Law School and MATC.
Justice Roggensack also has served on the boards of a number of non-profit organizations, including the YMCA, YWCA, Olbrich Botanical Society, Wisconsin Center for Academically Talented Youth, Friends of the Arboretum, A Fund for Women, and the International Women's Forum, of which she is a past president.
Justice Roggensack is married and has three children. Her current term expires July 31, 2013.
Justice in Residence and Visiting Professor of Law, Ave Maria School of Law
Professor Taylor is a retired Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court and served over 16 years as an appellate judge in Michigan. He is a graduate of the University of Michigan and received his J.D. from George Washington University Law School. After service as an officer in the US Navy, he began his legal career as an Assistant Prosecuting Attorney in Michigan and then practiced in a Lansing, Michigan, law firm, Denfield, Timmer and Taylor, for 19 years earning the highest ratings as to competence and character. He has lectured at law schools across the United States, been published in numerous law reviews and was the co-author of a three volume Michigan Practice Guide on Torts. He has served on the Board of Directors of the National Conference of Chief Justices, was a member, and then President, of the Michigan State Board of Law Examiners and served on the Board of Directors of the George Mason University Law School's Law and Economics Center.
Partner, Neilson Law Group P.C.
C. Thomas Ludden is the head of the Appellate Practice group at Lipson Neilson P.C. He has appeared before the United States Supreme Court, the Michigan Supreme Court, the Sixth and Ninth Circuit Courts of Appeal and the Michigan Court of Appeals. Mr. Ludden is a 1990 graduate of the University of Michigan (J.D./M.B.A) and a 1986 graduate of Dickinson College (B.A.) where he majored in Latin, Ancient Greek and Economics.
Partner, Neilson Law Group P.C.
C. Thomas Ludden is the head of the Appellate Practice group at Lipson Neilson P.C. He has appeared before the United States Supreme Court, the Michigan Supreme Court, the Sixth and Ninth Circuit Courts of Appeal and the Michigan Court of Appeals. Mr. Ludden is a 1990 graduate of the University of Michigan (J.D./M.B.A) and a 1986 graduate of Dickinson College (B.A.) where he majored in Latin, Ancient Greek and Economics.
Legal Scholar and Solo Practitioner
Jack received his B.A. in History from the University of Virginia in 1977, graduating with Highest Distinction. After graduating Yale Law School in 1980, he served active duty in the U.S. Army's JAG Corps, rising to the rank of Major, where he represented the United States in more than 250 cases.
He practiced for a decade as an Associate for Bradley Arant in Birmingham, Alabama. He proudly served the State of Alabama in the Office of the Attorney General, both as Deputy and Assistant Attorney General, handling complex civil and criminal litigation cases for the people of Alabama. In 2000, he won the "Best Brief Award" from the National Association of Attorneys General for his brief in a case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, James Alexander v. Martha Sandoval – a case he won. He was Special Assistant to the Inspector General for the Corporation for National and Community Service, Visiting Legal Fellow for the Center for Judicial and Legal Studies for the Heritage Foundation, Of Counsel at Strickland Brockington Lewis, a solo practitioner, and General Counsel for Indigo Energy.
Most recently, he "re-upped" for military service, volunteering his legal services to the Georgia State Defense Force where twice each month he provided legal services for National Guardsmen who were being deployed. He wore his military uniform for the last time in October 2024.
Jack Park passed away on March 16, 2026.
General Counsel, James Madison Center for Free Speech
Judge, United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
Judge Hardiman was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on January 9, 2007 and was confirmed by the Senate (95-0) on March 15, 2007. Prior to becoming an appellate judge, Judge Hardiman served as a trial judge on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania as of November 1, 2003. In 2008, Chief Justice John Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Information Technology Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States. Judge Hardiman was appointed Chairman of the IT Committee in 2013 and served in that capacity until September 2021. In 2021 he was appointed by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to serve as Chair of the Judiciary IT Security Task Force, which completed its work in fall 2023. Chief Justice Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Board of the Federal Judicial Center to serve from March 2020 until March 2024. As part of his work with the Center, Judge Hardiman now serves as Editor in Chief for the Manual for Complex Civil Litigation, Fifth.
Before entering judicial service, Judge Hardiman handled a wide variety of litigation matters in state and federal trial and appellate courts as a partner at Reed Smith LLP (1999-2003), a partner at Titus & McConomy LLP (1996-1999), and as an associate with its predecessor firm, Cindrich & Titus (1992-1996). Judge Hardiman began his legal career as an associate in the Washington, D.C. office of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (1990-1992).
A 1987 honors graduate of the University of Notre Dame, Judge Hardiman received his law degree in 1990 from the Georgetown University Law Center, where he served as a Notes and Comments Editor on the Georgetown Law Journal. In 2012, Judge Hardiman was elected as a member of the American Law Institute and was elected to its Council in 2019 and its Executive Committee in 2025. Judge Hardiman regularly teaches a seminar on Advanced Constitutional Law at Duquesne University School of Law and a one-week course entitled “Constitutional Law: the First and Second Amendments” at Georgetown University Law Center.
A native of Waltham, Massachusetts, Judge Hardiman has chambers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He and his wife Lori married in 1992 and have three children.
Partner, Baker Botts L.L.P.
Thomas R. Phillips, retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas, joined the Austin office of Baker Botts in September 2005, after nearly a quarter-century of judicial service.
After graduating from law school, Mr. Phillips clerked for Justice Ruel C. Walker of the Supreme Court of Texas and practiced law in the trial department of the Houston office of Baker Botts. From 1981 to 1988, he served as judge of the 280th District Court in Harris County, Texas, and from 1988 to 2004, he was chief justice. Initially appointed to both judicial offices by Governor William P. Clements, he was elected without opposition to the district bench in 1982 and 1986 and elected in contested races to the Supreme Court in 1988, 1990, 1996 and 2002.
Chief Justice, Wisconsin Supreme Court
Justice Patience Drake Roggensack was elected to the Supreme Court in 2003. She was the first Wisconsin Court of Appeals judge ever elected to the Supreme Court, and continues to be the only Supreme Court justice to have served on the intermediate appellate court.
Born in Joliet, Ill., Justice Roggensack received a bachelor's degree in zoology in 1962 from Drake University. She worked as a research associate at several universities prior to entering the UW Law School, where she earned a law degree in 1977.
Before joining the Supreme Court, Justice Roggensack was elected to the Court of Appeals in 1996 and re-elected in 2002. Prior to becoming a judge, Justice Roggensack practiced law for 16 years in Madison.
During her career, Justice Roggensack has been a member of a variety of law-related organizations including the American Judicature Society and the Fellows of the American Bar Foundation. She is past president of the Western District of Wisconsin Bar Association and a past member of the State Bar of Wisconsin Bench-Bar Committee. She also has served frequently as a guest lecturer at the UW Law School and MATC.
Justice Roggensack also has served on the boards of a number of non-profit organizations, including the YMCA, YWCA, Olbrich Botanical Society, Wisconsin Center for Academically Talented Youth, Friends of the Arboretum, A Fund for Women, and the International Women's Forum, of which she is a past president.
Justice Roggensack is married and has three children. Her current term expires July 31, 2013.
Justice in Residence and Visiting Professor of Law, Ave Maria School of Law
Professor Taylor is a retired Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court and served over 16 years as an appellate judge in Michigan. He is a graduate of the University of Michigan and received his J.D. from George Washington University Law School. After service as an officer in the US Navy, he began his legal career as an Assistant Prosecuting Attorney in Michigan and then practiced in a Lansing, Michigan, law firm, Denfield, Timmer and Taylor, for 19 years earning the highest ratings as to competence and character. He has lectured at law schools across the United States, been published in numerous law reviews and was the co-author of a three volume Michigan Practice Guide on Torts. He has served on the Board of Directors of the National Conference of Chief Justices, was a member, and then President, of the Michigan State Board of Law Examiners and served on the Board of Directors of the George Mason University Law School's Law and Economics Center.
General Counsel, James Madison Center for Free Speech
Judge, United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit
Judge Hardiman was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on January 9, 2007 and was confirmed by the Senate (95-0) on March 15, 2007. Prior to becoming an appellate judge, Judge Hardiman served as a trial judge on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania as of November 1, 2003. In 2008, Chief Justice John Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Information Technology Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States. Judge Hardiman was appointed Chairman of the IT Committee in 2013 and served in that capacity until September 2021. In 2021 he was appointed by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to serve as Chair of the Judiciary IT Security Task Force, which completed its work in fall 2023. Chief Justice Roberts appointed Judge Hardiman to the Board of the Federal Judicial Center to serve from March 2020 until March 2024. As part of his work with the Center, Judge Hardiman now serves as Editor in Chief for the Manual for Complex Civil Litigation, Fifth.
Before entering judicial service, Judge Hardiman handled a wide variety of litigation matters in state and federal trial and appellate courts as a partner at Reed Smith LLP (1999-2003), a partner at Titus & McConomy LLP (1996-1999), and as an associate with its predecessor firm, Cindrich & Titus (1992-1996). Judge Hardiman began his legal career as an associate in the Washington, D.C. office of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (1990-1992).
A 1987 honors graduate of the University of Notre Dame, Judge Hardiman received his law degree in 1990 from the Georgetown University Law Center, where he served as a Notes and Comments Editor on the Georgetown Law Journal. In 2012, Judge Hardiman was elected as a member of the American Law Institute and was elected to its Council in 2019 and its Executive Committee in 2025. Judge Hardiman regularly teaches a seminar on Advanced Constitutional Law at Duquesne University School of Law and a one-week course entitled “Constitutional Law: the First and Second Amendments” at Georgetown University Law Center.
A native of Waltham, Massachusetts, Judge Hardiman has chambers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He and his wife Lori married in 1992 and have three children.
Partner, Baker Botts L.L.P.
Thomas R. Phillips, retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas, joined the Austin office of Baker Botts in September 2005, after nearly a quarter-century of judicial service.
After graduating from law school, Mr. Phillips clerked for Justice Ruel C. Walker of the Supreme Court of Texas and practiced law in the trial department of the Houston office of Baker Botts. From 1981 to 1988, he served as judge of the 280th District Court in Harris County, Texas, and from 1988 to 2004, he was chief justice. Initially appointed to both judicial offices by Governor William P. Clements, he was elected without opposition to the district bench in 1982 and 1986 and elected in contested races to the Supreme Court in 1988, 1990, 1996 and 2002.
Chief Justice, Wisconsin Supreme Court
Justice Patience Drake Roggensack was elected to the Supreme Court in 2003. She was the first Wisconsin Court of Appeals judge ever elected to the Supreme Court, and continues to be the only Supreme Court justice to have served on the intermediate appellate court.
Born in Joliet, Ill., Justice Roggensack received a bachelor's degree in zoology in 1962 from Drake University. She worked as a research associate at several universities prior to entering the UW Law School, where she earned a law degree in 1977.
Before joining the Supreme Court, Justice Roggensack was elected to the Court of Appeals in 1996 and re-elected in 2002. Prior to becoming a judge, Justice Roggensack practiced law for 16 years in Madison.
During her career, Justice Roggensack has been a member of a variety of law-related organizations including the American Judicature Society and the Fellows of the American Bar Foundation. She is past president of the Western District of Wisconsin Bar Association and a past member of the State Bar of Wisconsin Bench-Bar Committee. She also has served frequently as a guest lecturer at the UW Law School and MATC.
Justice Roggensack also has served on the boards of a number of non-profit organizations, including the YMCA, YWCA, Olbrich Botanical Society, Wisconsin Center for Academically Talented Youth, Friends of the Arboretum, A Fund for Women, and the International Women's Forum, of which she is a past president.
Justice Roggensack is married and has three children. Her current term expires July 31, 2013.
Justice in Residence and Visiting Professor of Law, Ave Maria School of Law
Professor Taylor is a retired Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court and served over 16 years as an appellate judge in Michigan. He is a graduate of the University of Michigan and received his J.D. from George Washington University Law School. After service as an officer in the US Navy, he began his legal career as an Assistant Prosecuting Attorney in Michigan and then practiced in a Lansing, Michigan, law firm, Denfield, Timmer and Taylor, for 19 years earning the highest ratings as to competence and character. He has lectured at law schools across the United States, been published in numerous law reviews and was the co-author of a three volume Michigan Practice Guide on Torts. He has served on the Board of Directors of the National Conference of Chief Justices, was a member, and then President, of the Michigan State Board of Law Examiners and served on the Board of Directors of the George Mason University Law School's Law and Economics Center.
Partner, Neilson Law Group P.C.
C. Thomas Ludden is the head of the Appellate Practice group at Lipson Neilson P.C. He has appeared before the United States Supreme Court, the Michigan Supreme Court, the Sixth and Ninth Circuit Courts of Appeal and the Michigan Court of Appeals. Mr. Ludden is a 1990 graduate of the University of Michigan (J.D./M.B.A) and a 1986 graduate of Dickinson College (B.A.) where he majored in Latin, Ancient Greek and Economics.
The Top 10 Cases a Law Student Should Know
Textualism and the Michigan Supreme Court
C. Thomas Ludden
In this white paper, the author analyzes selected Michigan Supreme Court cases interpreting the Michigan...
Textualism and the Michigan Supreme Court
C. Thomas Ludden
In this white paper, the author analyzes selected Michigan Supreme Court cases interpreting the Michigan...
Georgia Supreme Court Strikes Down Ban on Assisted Suicide Advertisements
John J. Park
In Final Exit Network, Inc. v. Georgia,1 the Georgia Supreme Court unanimously2 concluded that Georgia’s...
The Role of a Judge
Originalism and the Constitution
Professional Responsibility: The Bloody Crossroads: Republican Party of Minnesota v. White Runs Into Caperton v. Massey
James Bopp, Thomas M. Hardiman, Thomas R. Phillips, Patience D. Roggensack, Clifford W. Taylor
Mr. James Bopp, Jr., Bopp, Coleson, and Bostrom and General Counsel, James Madison Center for...
Professional Responsibility: The Bloody Crossroads: Republican Party of Minnesota v. White Runs Into Caperton v. Massey
James Bopp, Thomas M. Hardiman, Thomas R. Phillips, Patience D. Roggensack, Clifford W. Taylor
Mr. James Bopp, Jr., Bopp, Coleson, and Bostrom and General Counsel, James Madison Center for...
Professional Responsibility: The Bloody Crossroads: Republican Party of Minnesota v. White Runs Into Caperton v. Massey
2010 National Lawyers Convention
Washington, DCRecent History of the Michigan Supreme Court
C. Thomas Ludden
In 2008, Chief Justice Cliff Taylor lost his bid for re-election to the Michigan Supreme...